Iron Kukanda
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Kanda simbi conical giya
Simbi yakakandwa chiumbwa chinosanganisira kunyanya simbi, kabhoni, uye nesilicon.
Mune maalloys aya, iyo kabhoni yezvinhu inodarika iyo huwandu hunogona kuchengetwa muaustenite solid solution paeutectic tembiricha.
Simbi yakakanda iine iron-kabhoni chiwanikwa chine kabhoni zvemukati zvinopfuura 2.11% (kazhinji 2.5 ~ 4%) .Ichinhu chakawanda-chiumbwa chiine simbi, kabhoni nesilicon sechinhu chikuru chezvinhu uye chine mamwe manganese, sarufa, phosphorus. uye zvimwe zvisina kuchena kupfuura kabhoni simbi.Sekumwe kugadzirisa mamenicha ehupfumi hwesimbi kana epanyama, makemikari zvivakwa, asi zvakare wedzera imwe huwandu hwesimbi yezvinhu, chiwanikwa simbi.
Pakutanga kwezana ramakore rechitanhatu BC, China yakatanga kushandisa simbi, kupfuura nyika dzeEuropean makore anoda kusvika zviuru zviviri zvisati zvaitika.Cast iron ichiri chimwe chezvinhu zvakakosha mukugadzirwa kwemaindasitiri.
Zvinoenderana nechimiro chekabhoni iripo musimbi yakakandwa, simbi yakakandwa inogona kukamurwa kuita
1.White simbi yakakandwa kunze kweavo vashoma vanonyungudika mu ferrite, iyo yakasara kabhoni iri muchimiro che cementite iripo mune yakakanda simbi, kuputsika kwayo kuri sirivheri-chena, inonzi chena cast iron. White iron cast iron inonyanya kushandiswa senge mbishi zvinhu. yekugadzira simbi uye isina chinhu yekugadzira nyore kufurirwa simbi.
2.Grey cast iron simbi kabhoni yese kana yakawanda yeiyo flake graphite inowanikwa mune yakakanda simbi, kuputsika kwayo kwakasviba grey, inonzi grey cast iron.
Chikamu che kabhoni ye hemp cast iron inowanikwa muchimiro che graphite, iyo yakafanana ne grey cast iron.Seimwe chikamu chiri muchimiro chemahara cementite yakafanana nechena cast iron. Mhando iyi yesimbi ine zvakare kuomarara uye brittleness, saka haiwanzoshandiswa muindasitiri.
mbiriKusiyana neakasiyana graphite morphology musimbi yakakanda, simbi yakakandwa inogona kukamurwa kuita
1.I graphite yegrey cast iron ndeye flake.
2.I graphite iri nyore nyore kukanda simbi iri flocculent.It inowanikwa kubva kune chena kukanda simbi mushure annealing pakakwirira tembiricha kwenguva yakareba. Its zvemagetsi zvivakwa (kunyanya kuomarara uye plasticity) zvakakwirira kupfuura grey kukanda simbi, saka inowanzo danwa nyore kufurirwa kukandira simbi.
Iyo graphite iri nodular yakakanda simbi idenderedzwa.Iyo inowanikwa ne spheroidizing kurapwa usati wadira yakanyungudutswa iron.This mhando yesimbi yakakanda haina chete ine yakakwira michina zvivakwa kupfuura grey kukanda simbi uye nyore kufonyerwa simbi simbi, asi zvakare ine yakapusa yekugadzira maitiro kupfuura nyore kufurirwa kukandira simbi. Zvakare, ayo mechimiro zvivakwa zvinogona kuwedzerwazve kuburikidza nekupisa kurapwa, saka iri kuwedzera zvakanyanya kushandiswa mukugadzira.
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Kanda simbi yakavharwa jecha goko
Simbi yakakandwa chiumbwa chinosanganisira kunyanya simbi, kabhoni, uye nesilicon.
Mune maalloys aya, iyo kabhoni yezvinhu inodarika iyo huwandu hunogona kuchengetwa muaustenite solid solution paeutectic tembiricha.
Simbi yakakanda iine iron-kabhoni chiwanikwa chine kabhoni zvemukati zvinopfuura 2.11% (kazhinji 2.5 ~ 4%) .Ichinhu chakawanda-chiumbwa chiine simbi, kabhoni nesilicon sechinhu chikuru chezvinhu uye chine mamwe manganese, sarufa, phosphorus. uye zvimwe zvisina kuchena kupfuura kabhoni simbi.Sekumwe kugadzirisa mamenicha ehupfumi hwesimbi kana epanyama, makemikari zvivakwa, asi zvakare wedzera imwe huwandu hwesimbi yezvinhu, chiwanikwa simbi.
Pakutanga kwezana ramakore rechitanhatu BC, China yakatanga kushandisa simbi, kupfuura nyika dzeEuropean makore anoda kusvika zviuru zviviri zvisati zvaitika.Cast iron ichiri chimwe chezvinhu zvakakosha mukugadzirwa kwemaindasitiri.
Zvinoenderana nechimiro chekabhoni iripo musimbi yakakandwa, simbi yakakandwa inogona kukamurwa kuita
1.White simbi yakakandwa kunze kweavo vashoma vanonyungudika mu ferrite, iyo yakasara kabhoni iri muchimiro che cementite iripo mune yakakanda simbi, kuputsika kwayo kuri sirivheri-chena, inonzi chena cast iron. White iron cast iron inonyanya kushandiswa senge mbishi zvinhu. yekugadzira simbi uye isina chinhu yekugadzira nyore kufurirwa simbi.
2.Grey cast iron simbi kabhoni yese kana yakawanda yeiyo flake graphite inowanikwa mune yakakanda simbi, kuputsika kwayo kwakasviba grey, inonzi grey cast iron.
Chikamu che kabhoni ye hemp cast iron inowanikwa muchimiro che graphite, iyo yakafanana ne grey cast iron.Seimwe chikamu chiri muchimiro chemahara cementite yakafanana nechena cast iron. Mhando iyi yesimbi ine zvakare kuomarara uye brittleness, saka haiwanzoshandiswa muindasitiri.
mbiriKusiyana neakasiyana graphite morphology musimbi yakakanda, simbi yakakandwa inogona kukamurwa kuita
1.I graphite yegrey cast iron ndeye flake.
2.I graphite iri nyore nyore kukanda simbi iri flocculent.It inowanikwa kubva kune chena kukanda simbi mushure annealing pakakwirira tembiricha kwenguva yakareba. Its zvemagetsi zvivakwa (kunyanya kuomarara uye plasticity) zvakakwirira kupfuura grey kukanda simbi, saka inowanzo danwa nyore kufurirwa kukandira simbi.
Iyo graphite iri nodular yakakanda simbi idenderedzwa.Iyo inowanikwa ne spheroidizing kurapwa usati wadira yakanyungudutswa iron.This mhando yesimbi yakakanda haina chete ine yakakwira michina zvivakwa kupfuura grey kukanda simbi uye nyore kufonyerwa simbi simbi, asi zvakare ine yakapusa yekugadzira maitiro kupfuura nyore kufurirwa kukandira simbi. Zvakare, ayo mechimiro zvivakwa zvinogona kuwedzerwazve kuburikidza nekupisa kurapwa, saka iri kuwedzera zvakanyanya kushandiswa mukugadzira.
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Kanda simbi ndiro
Simbi yakakandwa chiumbwa chinosanganisira kunyanya simbi, kabhoni, uye nesilicon.
Mune maalloys aya, iyo kabhoni yezvinhu inodarika iyo huwandu hunogona kuchengetwa muaustenite solid solution paeutectic tembiricha.
Simbi yakakanda iine iron-kabhoni chiwanikwa chine kabhoni zvemukati zvinopfuura 2.11% (kazhinji 2.5 ~ 4%) .Ichinhu chakawanda-chiumbwa chiine simbi, kabhoni nesilicon sechinhu chikuru chezvinhu uye chine mamwe manganese, sarufa, phosphorus. uye zvimwe zvisina kuchena kupfuura kabhoni simbi.Sekumwe kugadzirisa mamenicha ehupfumi hwesimbi kana epanyama, makemikari zvivakwa, asi zvakare wedzera imwe huwandu hwesimbi yezvinhu, chiwanikwa simbi.
Pakutanga kwezana ramakore rechitanhatu BC, China yakatanga kushandisa simbi, kupfuura nyika dzeEuropean makore anoda kusvika zviuru zviviri zvisati zvaitika.Cast iron ichiri chimwe chezvinhu zvakakosha mukugadzirwa kwemaindasitiri.
Zvinoenderana nechimiro chekabhoni iripo musimbi yakakandwa, simbi yakakandwa inogona kukamurwa kuita
1.White simbi yakakandwa kunze kweavo vashoma vanonyungudika mu ferrite, iyo yakasara kabhoni iri muchimiro che cementite iripo mune yakakanda simbi, kuputsika kwayo kuri sirivheri-chena, inonzi chena cast iron. White iron cast iron inonyanya kushandiswa senge mbishi zvinhu. yekugadzira simbi uye isina chinhu yekugadzira nyore kufurirwa simbi.
2.Grey cast iron simbi kabhoni yese kana yakawanda yeiyo flake graphite inowanikwa mune yakakanda simbi, kuputsika kwayo kwakasviba grey, inonzi grey cast iron.
Chikamu che kabhoni ye hemp cast iron inowanikwa muchimiro che graphite, iyo yakafanana ne grey cast iron.Seimwe chikamu chiri muchimiro chemahara cementite yakafanana nechena cast iron. Mhando iyi yesimbi ine zvakare kuomarara uye brittleness, saka haiwanzoshandiswa muindasitiri.
mbiriKusiyana neakasiyana graphite morphology musimbi yakakanda, simbi yakakandwa inogona kukamurwa kuita
1.I graphite yegrey cast iron ndeye flake.
2.I graphite iri nyore nyore kukanda simbi iri flocculent.It inowanikwa kubva kune chena kukanda simbi mushure annealing pakakwirira tembiricha kwenguva yakareba. Its zvemagetsi zvivakwa (kunyanya kuomarara uye plasticity) zvakakwirira kupfuura grey kukanda simbi, saka inowanzo danwa nyore kufurirwa kukandira simbi.
Iyo graphite iri nodular yakakanda simbi idenderedzwa.Iyo inowanikwa ne spheroidizing kurapwa usati wadira yakanyungudutswa iron.This mhando yesimbi yakakanda haina chete ine yakakwira michina zvivakwa kupfuura grey kukanda simbi uye nyore kufonyerwa simbi simbi, asi zvakare ine yakapusa yekugadzira maitiro kupfuura nyore kufurirwa kukandira simbi. Zvakare, ayo mechimiro zvivakwa zvinogona kuwedzerwazve kuburikidza nekupisa kurapwa, saka iri kuwedzera zvakanyanya kushandiswa mukugadzira.
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Kanda simbi simbi
Simbi yakakandwa chiumbwa chinosanganisira kunyanya simbi, kabhoni, uye nesilicon.
Mune maalloys aya, iyo kabhoni yezvinhu inodarika iyo huwandu hunogona kuchengetwa muaustenite solid solution paeutectic tembiricha.
Simbi yakakanda iine iron-kabhoni chiwanikwa chine kabhoni zvemukati zvinopfuura 2.11% (kazhinji 2.5 ~ 4%) .Ichinhu chakawanda-chiumbwa chiine simbi, kabhoni nesilicon sechinhu chikuru chezvinhu uye chine mamwe manganese, sarufa, phosphorus. uye zvimwe zvisina kuchena kupfuura kabhoni simbi.Sekumwe kugadzirisa mamenicha ehupfumi hwesimbi kana epanyama, makemikari zvivakwa, asi zvakare wedzera imwe huwandu hwesimbi yezvinhu, chiwanikwa simbi.
Pakutanga kwezana ramakore rechitanhatu BC, China yakatanga kushandisa simbi, kupfuura nyika dzeEuropean makore anoda kusvika zviuru zviviri zvisati zvaitika.Cast iron ichiri chimwe chezvinhu zvakakosha mukugadzirwa kwemaindasitiri.
Zvinoenderana nechimiro chekabhoni iripo musimbi yakakandwa, simbi yakakandwa inogona kukamurwa kuita
1.White simbi yakakandwa kunze kweavo vashoma vanonyungudika mu ferrite, iyo yakasara kabhoni iri muchimiro che cementite iripo mune yakakanda simbi, kuputsika kwayo kuri sirivheri-chena, inonzi chena cast iron. White iron cast iron inonyanya kushandiswa senge mbishi zvinhu. yekugadzira simbi uye isina chinhu yekugadzira nyore kufurirwa simbi.
2.Grey cast iron simbi kabhoni yese kana yakawanda yeiyo flake graphite inowanikwa mune yakakanda simbi, kuputsika kwayo kwakasviba grey, inonzi grey cast iron.
Chikamu che kabhoni ye hemp cast iron inowanikwa muchimiro che graphite, iyo yakafanana ne grey cast iron.Seimwe chikamu chiri muchimiro chemahara cementite yakafanana nechena cast iron. Mhando iyi yesimbi ine zvakare kuomarara uye brittleness, saka haiwanzoshandiswa muindasitiri.
mbiriKusiyana neakasiyana graphite morphology musimbi yakakanda, simbi yakakandwa inogona kukamurwa kuita
1.I graphite yegrey cast iron ndeye flake.
2.I graphite iri nyore nyore kukanda simbi iri flocculent.It inowanikwa kubva kune chena kukanda simbi mushure annealing pakakwirira tembiricha kwenguva yakareba. Its zvemagetsi zvivakwa (kunyanya kuomarara uye plasticity) zvakakwirira kupfuura grey kukanda simbi, saka inowanzo danwa nyore kufurirwa kukandira simbi.
Iyo graphite iri nodular yakakanda simbi idenderedzwa.Iyo inowanikwa ne spheroidizing kurapwa usati wadira yakanyungudutswa iron.This mhando yesimbi yakakanda haina chete ine yakakwira michina zvivakwa kupfuura grey kukanda simbi uye nyore kufonyerwa simbi simbi, asi zvakare ine yakapusa yekugadzira maitiro kupfuura nyore kufurirwa kukandira simbi. Zvakare, ayo mechimiro zvivakwa zvinogona kuwedzerwazve kuburikidza nekupisa kurapwa, saka iri kuwedzera zvakanyanya kushandiswa mukugadzira.
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Tsika yakakanda mhete yesimbi
Simbi yakakandwa chiumbwa chinosanganisira kunyanya simbi, kabhoni, uye nesilicon.
Mune maalloys aya, iyo kabhoni yezvinhu inodarika iyo huwandu hunogona kuchengetwa muaustenite solid solution paeutectic tembiricha.
Simbi yakakanda iine iron-kabhoni chiwanikwa chine kabhoni zvemukati zvinopfuura 2.11% (kazhinji 2.5 ~ 4%) .Ichinhu chakawanda-chiumbwa chiine simbi, kabhoni nesilicon sechinhu chikuru chezvinhu uye chine mamwe manganese, sarufa, phosphorus. uye zvimwe zvisina kuchena kupfuura kabhoni simbi.Sekumwe kugadzirisa mamenicha ehupfumi hwesimbi kana epanyama, makemikari zvivakwa, asi zvakare wedzera imwe huwandu hwesimbi yezvinhu, chiwanikwa simbi.
Pakutanga kwezana ramakore rechitanhatu BC, China yakatanga kushandisa simbi, kupfuura nyika dzeEuropean makore anoda kusvika zviuru zviviri zvisati zvaitika.Cast iron ichiri chimwe chezvinhu zvakakosha mukugadzirwa kwemaindasitiri.
Zvinoenderana nechimiro chekabhoni iripo musimbi yakakandwa, simbi yakakandwa inogona kukamurwa kuita
1.White simbi yakakandwa kunze kweavo vashoma vanonyungudika mu ferrite, iyo yakasara kabhoni iri muchimiro che cementite iripo mune yakakanda simbi, kuputsika kwayo kuri sirivheri-chena, inonzi chena cast iron. White iron cast iron inonyanya kushandiswa senge mbishi zvinhu. yekugadzira simbi uye isina chinhu yekugadzira nyore kufurirwa simbi.
2.Grey cast iron simbi kabhoni yese kana yakawanda yeiyo flake graphite inowanikwa mune yakakanda simbi, kuputsika kwayo kwakasviba grey, inonzi grey cast iron.
Chikamu che kabhoni ye hemp cast iron inowanikwa muchimiro che graphite, iyo yakafanana ne grey cast iron.Seimwe chikamu chiri muchimiro chemahara cementite yakafanana nechena cast iron. Mhando iyi yesimbi ine zvakare kuomarara uye brittleness, saka haiwanzoshandiswa muindasitiri.
mbiriKusiyana neakasiyana graphite morphology musimbi yakakanda, simbi yakakandwa inogona kukamurwa kuita
1.I graphite yegrey cast iron ndeye flake.
2.I graphite iri nyore nyore kukanda simbi iri flocculent.It inowanikwa kubva kune chena kukanda simbi mushure annealing pakakwirira tembiricha kwenguva yakareba. Its zvemagetsi zvivakwa (kunyanya kuomarara uye plasticity) zvakakwirira kupfuura grey kukanda simbi, saka inowanzo danwa nyore kufurirwa kukandira simbi.
Iyo graphite iri nodular yakakanda simbi idenderedzwa.Iyo inowanikwa ne spheroidizing kurapwa usati wadira yakanyungudutswa iron.This mhando yesimbi yakakanda haina chete ine yakakwira michina zvivakwa kupfuura grey kukanda simbi uye nyore kufonyerwa simbi simbi, asi zvakare ine yakapusa yekugadzira maitiro kupfuura nyore kufurirwa kukandira simbi. Zvakare, ayo mechimiro zvivakwa zvinogona kuwedzerwazve kuburikidza nekupisa kurapwa, saka iri kuwedzera zvakanyanya kushandiswa mukugadzira.
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Tsika yakakandwa simbi kesi
Simbi yakakandwa chiumbwa chinosanganisira kunyanya simbi, kabhoni, uye nesilicon.
Mune maalloys aya, iyo kabhoni yezvinhu inodarika iyo huwandu hunogona kuchengetwa muaustenite solid solution paeutectic tembiricha.
Simbi yakakanda iine iron-kabhoni chiwanikwa chine kabhoni zvemukati zvinopfuura 2.11% (kazhinji 2.5 ~ 4%) .Ichinhu chakawanda-chiumbwa chiine simbi, kabhoni nesilicon sechinhu chikuru chezvinhu uye chine mamwe manganese, sarufa, phosphorus. uye zvimwe zvisina kuchena kupfuura kabhoni simbi.Sekumwe kugadzirisa mamenicha ehupfumi hwesimbi kana epanyama, makemikari zvivakwa, asi zvakare wedzera imwe huwandu hwesimbi yezvinhu, chiwanikwa simbi.
Pakutanga kwezana ramakore rechitanhatu BC, China yakatanga kushandisa simbi, kupfuura nyika dzeEuropean makore anoda kusvika zviuru zviviri zvisati zvaitika.Cast iron ichiri chimwe chezvinhu zvakakosha mukugadzirwa kwemaindasitiri.
Zvinoenderana nechimiro chekabhoni iripo musimbi yakakandwa, simbi yakakandwa inogona kukamurwa kuita
1.White simbi yakakandwa kunze kweavo vashoma vanonyungudika mu ferrite, iyo yakasara kabhoni iri muchimiro che cementite iripo mune yakakanda simbi, kuputsika kwayo kuri sirivheri-chena, inonzi chena cast iron. White iron cast iron inonyanya kushandiswa senge mbishi zvinhu. yekugadzira simbi uye isina chinhu yekugadzira nyore kufurirwa simbi.
2.Grey cast iron simbi kabhoni yese kana yakawanda yeiyo flake graphite inowanikwa mune yakakanda simbi, kuputsika kwayo kwakasviba grey, inonzi grey cast iron.
Chikamu che kabhoni ye hemp cast iron inowanikwa muchimiro che graphite, iyo yakafanana ne grey cast iron.Seimwe chikamu chiri muchimiro chemahara cementite yakafanana nechena cast iron. Mhando iyi yesimbi ine zvakare kuomarara uye brittleness, saka haiwanzoshandiswa muindasitiri.
mbiriKusiyana neakasiyana graphite morphology musimbi yakakanda, simbi yakakandwa inogona kukamurwa kuita
1.I graphite yegrey cast iron ndeye flake.
2.I graphite iri nyore nyore kukanda simbi iri flocculent.It inowanikwa kubva kune chena kukanda simbi mushure annealing pakakwirira tembiricha kwenguva yakareba. Its zvemagetsi zvivakwa (kunyanya kuomarara uye plasticity) zvakakwirira kupfuura grey kukanda simbi, saka inowanzo danwa nyore kufurirwa kukandira simbi.
Iyo graphite iri nodular yakakanda simbi idenderedzwa.Iyo inowanikwa ne spheroidizing kurapwa usati wadira yakanyungudutswa iron.This mhando yesimbi yakakanda haina chete ine yakakwira michina zvivakwa kupfuura grey kukanda simbi uye nyore kufonyerwa simbi simbi, asi zvakare ine yakapusa yekugadzira maitiro kupfuura nyore kufurirwa kukandira simbi. Zvakare, ayo mechimiro zvivakwa zvinogona kuwedzerwazve kuburikidza nekupisa kurapwa, saka iri kuwedzera zvakanyanya kushandiswa mukugadzira.
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Kandira simbi vharafu coupling
Simbi yakakandwa chiumbwa chinosanganisira kunyanya simbi, kabhoni, uye nesilicon.
Mune maalloys aya, iyo kabhoni yezvinhu inodarika iyo huwandu hunogona kuchengetwa muaustenite solid solution paeutectic tembiricha.
Simbi yakakanda iine iron-kabhoni chiwanikwa chine kabhoni zvemukati zvinopfuura 2.11% (kazhinji 2.5 ~ 4%) .Ichinhu chakawanda-chiumbwa chiine simbi, kabhoni nesilicon sechinhu chikuru chezvinhu uye chine mamwe manganese, sarufa, phosphorus. uye zvimwe zvisina kuchena kupfuura kabhoni simbi.Sekumwe kugadzirisa mamenicha ehupfumi hwesimbi kana epanyama, makemikari zvivakwa, asi zvakare wedzera imwe huwandu hwesimbi yezvinhu, chiwanikwa simbi.
Pakutanga kwezana ramakore rechitanhatu BC, China yakatanga kushandisa simbi, kupfuura nyika dzeEuropean makore anoda kusvika zviuru zviviri zvisati zvaitika.Cast iron ichiri chimwe chezvinhu zvakakosha mukugadzirwa kwemaindasitiri.
Zvinoenderana nechimiro chekabhoni iripo musimbi yakakandwa, simbi yakakandwa inogona kukamurwa kuita
1.White simbi yakakandwa kunze kweavo vashoma vanonyungudika mu ferrite, iyo yakasara kabhoni iri muchimiro che cementite iripo mune yakakanda simbi, kuputsika kwayo kuri sirivheri-chena, inonzi chena cast iron. White iron cast iron inonyanya kushandiswa senge mbishi zvinhu. yekugadzira simbi uye isina chinhu yekugadzira nyore kufurirwa simbi.
2.Grey cast iron simbi kabhoni yese kana yakawanda yeiyo flake graphite inowanikwa mune yakakanda simbi, kuputsika kwayo kwakasviba grey, inonzi grey cast iron.
Chikamu che kabhoni ye hemp cast iron inowanikwa muchimiro che graphite, iyo yakafanana ne grey cast iron.Seimwe chikamu chiri muchimiro chemahara cementite yakafanana nechena cast iron. Mhando iyi yesimbi ine zvakare kuomarara uye brittleness, saka haiwanzoshandiswa muindasitiri.
mbiriKusiyana neakasiyana graphite morphology musimbi yakakanda, simbi yakakandwa inogona kukamurwa kuita
1.I graphite yegrey cast iron ndeye flake.
2.I graphite iri nyore nyore kukanda simbi iri flocculent.It inowanikwa kubva kune chena kukanda simbi mushure annealing pakakwirira tembiricha kwenguva yakareba. Its zvemagetsi zvivakwa (kunyanya kuomarara uye plasticity) zvakakwirira kupfuura grey kukanda simbi, saka inowanzo danwa nyore kufurirwa kukandira simbi.
Iyo graphite iri nodular yakakanda simbi idenderedzwa.Iyo inowanikwa ne spheroidizing kurapwa usati wadira yakanyungudutswa iron.This mhando yesimbi yakakanda haina chete ine yakakwira michina zvivakwa kupfuura grey kukanda simbi uye nyore kufonyerwa simbi simbi, asi zvakare ine yakapusa yekugadzira maitiro kupfuura nyore kufurirwa kukandira simbi. Zvakare, ayo mechimiro zvivakwa zvinogona kuwedzerwazve kuburikidza nekupisa kurapwa, saka iri kuwedzera zvakanyanya kushandiswa mukugadzira.
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Kanda simbi vharafu Fittings
Simbi yakakandwa chiumbwa chinosanganisira kunyanya simbi, kabhoni, uye nesilicon.
Mune maalloys aya, iyo kabhoni yezvinhu inodarika iyo huwandu hunogona kuchengetwa muaustenite solid solution paeutectic tembiricha.
Simbi yakakanda iine iron-kabhoni chiwanikwa chine kabhoni zvemukati zvinopfuura 2.11% (kazhinji 2.5 ~ 4%) .Ichinhu chakawanda-chiumbwa chiine simbi, kabhoni nesilicon sechinhu chikuru chezvinhu uye chine mamwe manganese, sarufa, phosphorus. uye zvimwe zvisina kuchena kupfuura kabhoni simbi.Sekumwe kugadzirisa mamenicha ehupfumi hwesimbi kana epanyama, makemikari zvivakwa, asi zvakare wedzera imwe huwandu hwesimbi yezvinhu, chiwanikwa simbi.
Pakutanga kwezana ramakore rechitanhatu BC, China yakatanga kushandisa simbi, kupfuura nyika dzeEuropean makore anoda kusvika zviuru zviviri zvisati zvaitika.Cast iron ichiri chimwe chezvinhu zvakakosha mukugadzirwa kwemaindasitiri.
Zvinoenderana nechimiro chekabhoni iripo musimbi yakakandwa, simbi yakakandwa inogona kukamurwa kuita
1.White simbi yakakandwa kunze kweavo vashoma vanonyungudika mu ferrite, iyo yakasara kabhoni iri muchimiro che cementite iripo mune yakakanda simbi, kuputsika kwayo kuri sirivheri-chena, inonzi chena cast iron. White iron cast iron inonyanya kushandiswa senge mbishi zvinhu. yekugadzira simbi uye isina chinhu yekugadzira nyore kufurirwa simbi.
2.Grey cast iron simbi kabhoni yese kana yakawanda yeiyo flake graphite inowanikwa mune yakakanda simbi, kuputsika kwayo kwakasviba grey, inonzi grey cast iron.
Chikamu che kabhoni ye hemp cast iron inowanikwa muchimiro che graphite, iyo yakafanana ne grey cast iron.Seimwe chikamu chiri muchimiro chemahara cementite yakafanana nechena cast iron. Mhando iyi yesimbi ine zvakare kuomarara uye brittleness, saka haiwanzoshandiswa muindasitiri.
mbiriKusiyana neakasiyana graphite morphology musimbi yakakanda, simbi yakakandwa inogona kukamurwa kuita
1.I graphite yegrey cast iron ndeye flake.
2.I graphite iri nyore nyore kukanda simbi iri flocculent.It inowanikwa kubva kune chena kukanda simbi mushure annealing pakakwirira tembiricha kwenguva yakareba. Its zvemagetsi zvivakwa (kunyanya kuomarara uye plasticity) zvakakwirira kupfuura grey kukanda simbi, saka inowanzo danwa nyore kufurirwa kukandira simbi.
Iyo graphite iri nodular yakakanda simbi idenderedzwa.Iyo inowanikwa ne spheroidizing kurapwa usati wadira yakanyungudutswa iron.This mhando yesimbi yakakanda haina chete ine yakakwira michina zvivakwa kupfuura grey kukanda simbi uye nyore kufonyerwa simbi simbi, asi zvakare ine yakapusa yekugadzira maitiro kupfuura nyore kufurirwa kukandira simbi. Zvakare, ayo mechimiro zvivakwa zvinogona kuwedzerwazve kuburikidza nekupisa kurapwa, saka iri kuwedzera zvakanyanya kushandiswa mukugadzira.
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Kanda mhete yesimbi
Simbi yakakandwa chiumbwa chinosanganisira kunyanya simbi, kabhoni, uye nesilicon.
Mune maalloys aya, iyo kabhoni yezvinhu inodarika iyo huwandu hunogona kuchengetwa muaustenite solid solution paeutectic tembiricha.
Simbi yakakanda iine iron-kabhoni chiwanikwa chine kabhoni zvemukati zvinopfuura 2.11% (kazhinji 2.5 ~ 4%) .Ichinhu chakawanda-chiumbwa chiine simbi, kabhoni nesilicon sechinhu chikuru chezvinhu uye chine mamwe manganese, sarufa, phosphorus. uye zvimwe zvisina kuchena kupfuura kabhoni simbi.Sekumwe kugadzirisa mamenicha ehupfumi hwesimbi kana epanyama, makemikari zvivakwa, asi zvakare wedzera imwe huwandu hwesimbi yezvinhu, chiwanikwa simbi.
Pakutanga kwezana ramakore rechitanhatu BC, China yakatanga kushandisa simbi, kupfuura nyika dzeEuropean makore anoda kusvika zviuru zviviri zvisati zvaitika.Cast iron ichiri chimwe chezvinhu zvakakosha mukugadzirwa kwemaindasitiri.
Zvinoenderana nechimiro chekabhoni iripo musimbi yakakandwa, simbi yakakandwa inogona kukamurwa kuita
1.White simbi yakakandwa kunze kweavo vashoma vanonyungudika mu ferrite, iyo yakasara kabhoni iri muchimiro che cementite iripo mune yakakanda simbi, kuputsika kwayo kuri sirivheri-chena, inonzi chena cast iron. White iron cast iron inonyanya kushandiswa senge mbishi zvinhu. yekugadzira simbi uye isina chinhu yekugadzira nyore kufurirwa simbi.
2.Grey cast iron simbi kabhoni yese kana yakawanda yeiyo flake graphite inowanikwa mune yakakanda simbi, kuputsika kwayo kwakasviba grey, inonzi grey cast iron.
Chikamu che kabhoni ye hemp cast iron inowanikwa muchimiro che graphite, iyo yakafanana ne grey cast iron.Seimwe chikamu chiri muchimiro chemahara cementite yakafanana nechena cast iron. Mhando iyi yesimbi ine zvakare kuomarara uye brittleness, saka haiwanzoshandiswa muindasitiri.
mbiriKusiyana neakasiyana graphite morphology musimbi yakakanda, simbi yakakandwa inogona kukamurwa kuita
1.I graphite yegrey cast iron ndeye flake.
2.I graphite iri nyore nyore kukanda simbi iri flocculent.It inowanikwa kubva kune chena kukanda simbi mushure annealing pakakwirira tembiricha kwenguva yakareba. Its zvemagetsi zvivakwa (kunyanya kuomarara uye plasticity) zvakakwirira kupfuura grey kukanda simbi, saka inowanzo danwa nyore kufurirwa kukandira simbi.
Iyo graphite iri nodular yakakanda simbi idenderedzwa.Iyo inowanikwa ne spheroidizing kurapwa usati wadira yakanyungudutswa iron.This mhando yesimbi yakakanda haina chete ine yakakwira michina zvivakwa kupfuura grey kukanda simbi uye nyore kufonyerwa simbi simbi, asi zvakare ine yakapusa yekugadzira maitiro kupfuura nyore kufurirwa kukandira simbi. Zvakare, ayo mechimiro zvivakwa zvinogona kuwedzerwazve kuburikidza nekupisa kurapwa, saka iri kuwedzera zvakanyanya kushandiswa mukugadzira.
