Steel casting zvinoreva nzira yekubaya kana kudira simbi yakanyunguduka muforoma kuti iite chinhu chine chimiro chinodiwa.Iyi nzira inowanzo shandiswa kugadzirwa kwakawanda kwezvikamu uye zvikamu zvinoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumotokari, kurima, kugadzirwa kwemagetsi, oiri negesi, michina yekugadzira uye zvikamu zveindasitiri.
Midziyo yekuvaka inofanira kuva yakasimba, yakasimba uye yakasimba.Vanoda kuderedza mari yekugadzirisa uye kutsungirira matambudziko akasiyana-siyana uye mamiriro ekunze akasiyana.Rudzi urwu rwemidziyo inodawo zvinhu zvakasvibirira zvine mashandiro akanaka.Naizvozvo, simbi ndeimwe yezvinonyanya kushandiswa mbizha mukugadzirwa kwemidziyo yekuvaka.Zvigadzirwa zvekukandira simbi zvinoshandiswawo mune mamwe maindasitiri anorema, akadai semotokari, migodhi, kugadzirwa kwemagetsi, michina yekugadzira, oiri negesi, zvemagetsi nemaindasitiri.
Mumakore achangopfuura, nekuda kwehunhu hwakanaka hwezvigadzirwa zvekukanda aruminiyamu, senge huremu huremu, corrosion resistance, uye kuita kwepamusoro, vagadziri vakabvisa pfungwa dzavo kubva kune zvakajairwa zvigadzirwa zvesimbi zvezvikamu zvemotokari kukanda aluminium.Semuenzaniso, iyo Aluminium Transportation Group (ATG) yeAluminium Association yakatsanangura kuti muhupenyu hwese hwemotokari, aluminium ine yakaderera yakazara carbon footprint pane zvimwe zvinhu, saka kushandiswa kwealuminium zvikamu mumotokari kunogona kuvandudza hupfumi.Kureruka kwehuremu hwemotokari, mafuta uye simba rainoda kushoma.Nekudaro, izvi zvinotungamira kune yakakwira mafuta ejini uye kushomeka kwemotokari kabhoni dhaidhi.
Kudyara kweHurumende muzvivakwa zvinopa mikana mikuru yemusika wekukanda simbi
Hurumende pasi rose dziri kuronga kuisa mari muzvirongwa zvekuvandudza zvivakwa.Zvinotarisirwa kuti nyika dzakabudirira dzakaita seUnited States, Canada, United Kingdom, France neGermany dzisima mari mukuchengetedza zvirongwa zvezvivakwa zviripo uye dzigadzirisewo zvirongwa zvitsva.Nekune rimwe divi, nyika dzichiri kusimukira dzakaita seIndia, China, Brazil neSouth Africa dziri kutarisirwa kusima mari mukusimudzira zvirongwa zvitsva.Zvirongwa zvezvivakwa zvakadai senjanji, zviteshi, mabhiriji, zvivakwa zvekugadzira uye zvikamu zveindasitiri zvinoda huwandu hukuru hwezvigadzirwa zvekukanda simbi (zvakadai semarata esimbi) uye midziyo yekuvaka (senge zvinorodha).Iyi midziyo yekuvaka inewo simbi yekukanda uye zvikamu.Naizvozvo, kuwedzera kwekudyara mukuvaka zvivakwa kunogona kuwedzera musika wekukanda simbi panguva yekufanotaura.
Grey iron inogona kutsanangurwa sesimbi yakakandwa ine kabhoni inodarika 2% uye graphite microstructure.Ndiyo mhando inonyanya kushandiswa yesimbi mukukanda.Yakachipa, inoumbika uye inogara kwenguva refu.Iko kushandiswa kukuru kwegrey iron kunogona kuverengerwa kune akasiyana zvinhu, senge kusimba kwayo uye kusimba kwegoho, ductility, kukanganisa kupikisa, uye kuderera kwemitengo yekugadzira.Iyo yakakwira kabhoni yegireyi iron zvakare inoita kuti zvive nyore kunyunguduka, weld uye muchina kuita zvikamu.
Nekudaro, nekuda kwekuwedzera kwekuda kwezvimwe zvinhu, chikamu chemusika chegrey iron indasitiri inotarisirwa kudzikira zvishoma.Kune rimwe divi, chikamu chemusika cheiyo ductile iron chikamu chinotarisirwa kuwedzera panguva yekufanotaura.Ichi chikamu chinogona kufambiswa nekugona kwe ductile cast iron kukura kuita lightweight cast iron.Izvi zvinogona kuderedza mari yekuendesa uye kuunza zvikomborero zvehupfumi kuburikidza nezvimwe zvinhu zvakadai sekugadzira uye metallurgical flexibility.
Maindasitiri emotokari uye ekufambisa ndiwo anonyanya kutenga zvigadzirwa zvekukanda simbi.Iyo yakakwira kusimba kwesimba uye kukanganisa kupikisa kwezvigadzirwa zvekukanda simbi kunoita kuti ive yakakodzera kune akasiyana emotokari zvikamu, senge mavhirivha, zvidzikisiro zvedzimba, mabhureki masisitimu, magiya mabhokisi uye kuisa mari.Nekuda kwekuwedzera kwekushandiswa kwezvifambiso zvakazvimiririra uye zveveruzhinji pasirese, zvinotarisirwa kuti zvikamu zvemotokari uye zvekufambisa zvichawana chikamu chemusika panosvika 2026.
Nekuda kwekuwedzera kwekushandiswa kwepombi uye zvigadziriso zvakagadzirwa nesimbi mumaindasitiri akadai semagetsi ekugadzira, mafuta uye gasi, uye kugadzira, chikamu chepombi uye fittings chinogona kuwedzera.Anenge marudzi ese ezvigadzirwa zvekukanda simbi anoshandiswa mukugadzirwa kwepombi uye fittings uye zvine chekuita nazvo.
Zviitwa zvekugadzira mudunhu reAsia-Pacific zvichawedzera kushandiswa kwesimbi yekukanda zvigadzirwa mudunhu
Nharaunda yeAsia-Pacific ndiyo inotenga zvakanyanya pasi rose zvekukanda simbi.Munguva yekufanotaura, kushandiswa kwezvigadzirwa izvi mudunhu kunotarisirwa kuwedzera.Izvi zvinodaro nekuti dunhu rinoshandisa akawanda ezvigadzirwa zvesimbi zvakakandwa kugadzira zvigadzirwa zvekupedzisira kubva pazvikamu zvemotokari kuenda kumidziyo yemumba.Dunhu reAsia-Pacific rine zvidyarwa zvakati wandei zvekugadzira zvinoda zvigadzirwa zvekukanda simbi.
Ukuwo, North America neEurope dzakakwanisa kuramba dzichikwikwidzana.Nekudaro, ivo vanotarisirwa kurasikirwa nemusika pakupera kwenguva yekufanotaura.Nekudaro, panosvika 2026, chikamu chemusika chematunhu maviri aya chinotarisirwa kuve chakaderera pane icho cheLatin America, Middle East neAfrica.
Kune huwandu hukuru hwemakambani anoshanda mumusika wepasi rose wesimbi yekukanda.Makambani anobva kuEurope, Asia Pacific neNorth America anotonga musika nehunyanzvi hwavo hwakapfuma uye michina yemhando yepamusoro.Vatambi vakasiyana-siyana mumusika wekukanda simbi zvakare vagadziri vakuru vesimbi.Ava vatori vechikamu vanogona kubatsirikana zvakanyanya kubva kumashure kwekubatanidzwa nekuti inogona kuvabatsira kudzora mitengo yekushandisa uye kuwana zvirinani tekinoroji.Mamwe makambani akakosha pamusika anosanganisira Tata Steel Co., Ltd., Kobe Steel Co., Ltd., ArcelorMittal Co., Nucor Corporation, Hitachi Metal Co., Ltd. uye Amsted Railway Company.